Standard Test Pack
Essential Pack for Fuel/Oils Analysis
- HFO (Fuel oil)
- Diesel fuel (Road/Agricultural; Marine: MGO, MDO)
- Petrol/Gasoline
- Oils (lubricants; hydraulic)
Determination of density at 15ºC 🡄
ASTM D7777
Description: allows determining the density of a sample of fuel at 15ºC using a portable digital density meter.
Advantages: test accredited by IPAC (ISO 17025). Results with high precision (to the nearest 1 kg/m3).
Sulphur content by dispersive energy - X-ray fluorescence Spectrometry 🡄
ASTM D4294
Description: allows sulphur determination in a fuel, using a portable equipment. A portion of the sample is placed inside the equipment, which emits an X-ray beam originated from a sealed radioactive source, and the amount of sulphur content is automatically calculated by the device.
Advantages: a clean and fast test requires only a small amount of test sample. Test accredited by IPAC (ISO 17025). High operability range: 0,01 to 5,00 %(w/w).
Water content by distillation 🡄
ASTM D95
Description: allows the determination of water content between 0 and 25 %(V/w) by distillation of heavy petroleum products and other bituminous material.
Advantages: a classic method, easy to execute that allows to accurately quantifying the amount of water present in a sample. Test accredited by IPAC (ISO 17025).
Ash content 🡄
ISO 6245
Description: ash content consists of the inorganic residue (Va, Na, Ca, Mg, Zn, Pb, Fe, Ni) that remains after combustion of a sample in the presence of air at high temperature. These residues can occur naturally or can result from refining, or contamination during the stages of storage or distribution. This test consists of burning a small amount of sample in a controlled atmosphere, which will result in a quantifiable residue.
Advantages: it’s a gravimetric method that estimates the tendency of the material to form sediments. Test accredited by IPAC (ISO 17025 accreditation).
Kinematic viscosity at 50ºC
Internal Test Method
Description: viscosity corresponds to a physical property that characterizes the resistance of a given fluid to flow, as well as shear deformation. This property varies with temperature. During the test, the time that the sample flows completely is measured to calculate the kinematic viscosity.
Advantages: it is a simple and effective method for products with higher viscosity. It allows the determination of the kinematic viscosity at a defined temperature.
Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
ASTM D93
Description: during the test, a sample is subjected to progressive heating, being regularly exposed to a flame. The flash point will correspond to the lowest temperature at which the sample releases enough steam to form a flammable mixture. The measurement is made using Pensky-Martens closed cup tester.
Advantages: it allows to evaluate the applicability range (combustion) of the fuel and to evaluate its danger.
Water and Particulate Contamination - Visual Inspection Procedures
ASTM D4176
Description: visual test to evaluate the presence of free suspended water and contamination by solid particles in distilled fuels.
Advantages: Two test methods are used to determine the contamination of a sample. It is a rapid test to assess the presence or absence of water and particulate matter.
Density at 15ºC – Portable densimeter
ASTM D7777
Description: to determine the density of a sample of fuel at 15ºC using a portable digital density meter.
Advantages: Results with high precision (to the nearest 1 kg/m3).
Sulphur content by dispersive energy - X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
ASTM D4294
Description: allows sulphur determination in a fuel, using a portable equipment. A portion of the sample is placed inside the equipment, which emits an X-ray beam originated from a sealed radioactive source, and the amount of sulphur content is automatically calculated by the device.
Advantages: a clean and fast test requires only a small amount of test sample. High operability range: 0,01 to 5,00 %(w/w).
Monitoring the presence of metals and elements - X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
Internal Test Method
Description: this test method can monitor the presence of wear metals (for example V, Ni, Na, Ca), present in samples of petroleum products by the X-ray Fluorescence (FRX) technique. A portion of the sample is placed inside the equipment, which emits an X-ray beam originated from a sealed radioactive source, and the amount of sulphur content is automatically calculated by the device.
Advantages: allows quick monitoring of the presence of metals and elements in the sample. To the end-user, it will allow greater control over the product’s characteristics to identify equipment degradation and reducing maintenance costs.
Water content by coulometric Karl-Fischer titration method
ISO 12937
Description: Specifies a method for the direct determination of water in petroleum products boiling below 390 °C. It covers the mass fraction range 0,003 % (m/m) to 0,100%(m/m).
Advantages: rapid method that allows the quantitative determination of water content of a sample.
Kinematic viscosity at 40ºC using Cannon-Fenske viscometers
ASTM D445 / ISO 3104
Description: viscosity corresponds to a physical property that characterizes the resistance of a given fluid to flow, as well as shear deformation. This property varies with temperature. During the test, a Cannon-Fenske viscometer is charged with a sample and is put in a thermostatic oil bath at 40ºC. As the sample flows through the Cannon-Fenske viscometer, the time is measured to calculate the kinematic viscosity.
Advantages: a test determines the kinematic viscosity at a defined and stable temperature. The test uses international standards (ISO or ASTM) that allow the determination of values within a range of 5 to 700 mm2/s (cSt).
Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
ASTM D93
Description: during the test, a sample is subjected to progressive heating, being regularly exposed to a flame. The flash point will correspond to the lowest temperature at which the sample releases enough steam to form a flammable mixture. The measurement is made using Pensky-Martens closed cup tester.
Advantages: it allows to evaluate the applicability range (combustion) of the fuel and to evaluate its danger.